25 Powerful Ways to Boost the Mitochondria in Your Brain

Picture of several mitochondria.

It’s becoming increasingly clear that chronic mitochondria dysfunction is one of the main underlying factors that contributes to poor brain function and mental illness. 

Mitochondria are unique structures within every cell of your body. You have trillions and trillions of them, making up approximately 10% of your total body weight.

Mitochondria are considered the “powerhouses of the cell,” generating most of the energy in your body by converting nutrition into adenosine-5’- triphosphate (ATP). ATP is your body’s main source of cellular fuel. You are constantly using it, and your brain needs enough of it to work properly (106-107). 

Your mitochondria are critically important and need to be supported to overcome depression and anxiety, and reach optimal brain and mental health.

Mitochondria are especially abundant in your brain cells and involved in many important biological processes in the brain, including the regulation of free radicals and neurotransmitters.

In fact, monoamine oxidase (MAO), the enzyme responsible for the metabolism of monoamine neurotransmitters, is localized within the outer mitochondrial membrane (91-93). 

So not surprisingly, numerous studies show that there is a correlation between impaired mitochondrial function in the brain and many psychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases, including:

In fact, some researchers are convinced that mitochondrial dysfunction is involved in almost every chronic disease (108-110). 

Mitochondria dysfunction decreases ATP energy production and increases oxidative stress, which are commonly found in the brains of people suffering from brain and mental health disorders.

Cognitive symptoms of mitochondrial dysfunction can also include impairments in attention, executive function and memory (105).

Unfortunately, a number of psychiatric drugs damage the mitochondria and worsen the dysfunction.

But luckily, there are ways to halt and reverse mitochondrial decay.

Below are a number of strategies I’ve used over the years to support my mitochondria.

Supplements and lifestyle changes can improve mitochondrial health by increasing the availability of proteins needed for ATP production.

They also act as antioxidants, assisting the mitochondria in reducing oxidative stress.

Some of the following lifestyle changes and supplements can also increase the number of mitochondria present within the cell.

And you can start using them today to regain optimal brain and mental health.

 

1. Eat Nutrient-Dense, Whole Foods

Dr. Terry Wahls standing in front of her wheelchair.

Eating lots of fresh, nutrient-dense whole foods is an impactful action you can take to power your mitochondria. 

In order to thrive, your mitochondria need phytonutrients, antioxidants, healthy fats and proteins.

Dr. Terry Wahls, MD, clinical professor of medicine at the University of Iowa, is a leading expert on the relationship between nutrition and mitochondrial health.

She was diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS) more than a decade ago but reversed the neurodegenerative brain disease by repairing her mitochondria with an intensive nutritional strategy.

She outlines how she recovered her health in her book The Wahls Protocol

Research on her protocol shows that patients witness a “significant improvement in fatigue” (67). 

She recommends eating six to nine cups of vegetables and fruits every day, including green veggies (kale, spinach), brightly colored vegetables (beets, carrots, peppers), and sulfur-rich veggies (broccoli, cauliflower).

My Free Grocery Shopping Guide for Optimal Brain Health contains a bunch of foods that you should be eating on a regular basis for optimal mitochondrial health. 

Dr. Wahls also has a fascinating TED talk that you can watch if you're interested in learning more. 

 

2. Limit Certain Foods and Ingredients

Pizza, burgers and fries. Fast, processed food impairs mitochondria health.

Eating poor-quality foods can also wear down your mitochondria. 

Your mitochondria were not designed to deal with our current food environment and lifestyle habits. 

That’s why you should limit refined sugars, processed flours, industrial oils and trans fats. They can damage your mitochondria and prevent them from properly producing energy.

Dr. Wahls also recommends you avoid all gluten, dairy and soy products for optimal mitochondrial health.

I used to strictly avoid all of these foods and I felt better when I did, but no longer need to since restoring my health.

 

3. Eat More Essential Fats

Healthy fats, including omega-3 fatty acids, help build and strengthen the membranes of your mitochondria. They’ve also been shown to improve mitochondrial function in the brain (5-7). 

That’s why Dr. Wahls recommends eating organic grass-fed beef or wild-caught fish, such as salmon, every day.

Avocados, nuts, seeds, coconut and olive oil are also rich in healthy fats. 

Supplementing with krill oil is another excellent option.

 

4. Exercise

Not surprisingly, exercise strengthens your mitochondria by increasing oxygen and blood flow and activating biochemical pathways that produce new mitochondria (8). 

Runners have more high-functioning mitochondria than non-runners, and strength training and high-intensity interval training also increase the number of mitochondria and improve the efficiency of your existing mitochondria (9, 10).

Exercise can also increase brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF).

 

5. Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT)

Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) is a treatment that uses low-level (low-power) lasers or light-emitting diodes (LEDs) to stimulate brain cells, helping them heal and function better. 

There is strong evidence to suggest that LLLT supports the mitochondria. 

Research shows that LLLT reduces oxidative stress and increases the production of ATP energy in mitochondria (39, 40). 

These mitochondrial benefits have also been seen directly within the brain.

Studies show that LLLT increases mitochondrial activity within brain cells, and this leads to beneficial effects in behaviour (41). 

LLLT treatment has also been shown to increase the number of mitochondria, and mitochondrial oxygen usage, within the brain (42, 43).

I have used these two LLLT devices myself at home to support my mitochondria and boost my brain function:

  • Optimal 1000 Brain Photobiomodulation Therapy Light (Combo Red/NIR) - This is a powerful device that shines 660 nm of red light and 850 nm of infrared light. You can shine it on your forehead for 5 minutes every day. You can also shine it on other parts of your head and on your entire body, including your thyroid, thymus gland and gut.

  • Vielight Neuro Duo – This is a transcranial-intranasal headset with 810 nm of near infrared light. It penetrates deeper into brain tissue and is absorbed better by the central nervous system. If you decide to get this one, you can use the coupon code JORDANFALLIS for a 10% discount. Some research has shown a 20-fold higher efficiency of light delivery to the deep brain through the nose instead of transcranial application (125).

You can learn more about LLLT in this post

You should also limit your exposure to artificial blue light, as excessive blue light exposure can also wear down your mitochondria. You can learn more about the risks of too much blue light in this post

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6. Resveratrol

Resveratrol is a beneficial antioxidant compound found in grapes and red wine. 

Not only does it increase BDNF levels, but it also activates the SIRT1 gene. This gene triggers a number of positive biochemical reactions that protect and improve the functioning of your mitochondria. Caloric restriction and intermittent fasting also trigger the SIRT1 gene (11-13).

In 2006, Harvard researchers found that resveratrol increases lifespan by protecting the mitochondria (14).

Resveratrol is included in the Optimal Energy supplement.

 

7. Caloric Restriction and Intermittent Fasting

Restricting your calories is one the best actions you can take to improve mitochondrial function.

Studies show that eating less food reduces the demand and damage on your mitochondria. 

But reducing calories is tough to do and absolutely no fun. 

So you can do intermittent fasting instead. 

Fasting activates your mitochondria and triggers autophagy, which is an intracellular process that essentially allows your mitochondria to clean themselves by removing unwanted and damaged debris, proteins and reactive oxygen species (1, 2, 4).

This process has been shown to reduce the risk of cancer, Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease (3). 

 

8. Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NADH)

NADH is a naturally-occurring compound found in the cells of all living organisms.

It plays a key role in the production of energy within the cell and is highly concentrated within your mitochondria (45). 

Depletion of NADH has been linked to a number of diseases, including depression, chronic fatigue syndrome, Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s.

But stabilized oral NADH has been shown to improve all of these conditions (46, 47, 48). 

Although I don’t take it anymore, I’ve witnessed a beneficial effect from supplementing with NADH.

LLLT is also known to increase NADH in your mitochondria. 

Check out this article for other ways to increase NAD.

 

9. Ketogenic Dieting

A ketogenic diet is a very low-carb diet. 

When you restrict carbohydrate-rich foods, your body enters ketosis.

Ketosis is a metabolic state in which your body and brain run on fatty acids and “ketones” instead of glucose (36).

Ketones are an alternative source of energy for your brain cells and they support your mitochondria. 

When your mitochondria are dysfunctional, following a ketogenic diet can be an effective strategy to fuel the mitochondria. 

When mitochondria are fueled by ketones instead of glucose, their ability to produce ATP is enhanced and free-radical byproducts are reduced.
— Dr. Jong Rho, MD, Professor of Pediatrics and Clinical Neurology at the Alberta Children’s Hospital

Ketogenic diets may help treat many different brain and mental health diseases including Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, epilepsy and autism. 

Exogenous ketones can also help you get into ketosis and experience the mitochondrial-boosting effects of ketones very quickly.

 

10. B Vitamins

B vitamins play an essential role in maintaining mitochondrial function.

In fact, your mitochondria will be compromised if you have a deficiency of any B vitamin (37). 

Deficiency is more likely if you take certain medications

Vitamin B1, B2, B3, B5, B6 and B12 are all included in the Optimal Energy supplement for this reason.

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11. Ribose

Ribose is a five carbon sugar created naturally by your body.

Even though it’s a sugar, research suggests it does not raise blood sugar levels.

Instead, your body stores it in the mitochondria (49, 50). 

Ribose is used by the mitochondria to produce ATP and if you don’t have enough, you’ll experience low energy (51). 

Chronic stress can deplete ribose, and certain conditions have been linked to chronic ribose deficiency, including depression and chronic fatigue syndrome.

People can supplement with ribose if they struggle with these disorders because it can help reduce mental and physical lethargy (52, 53).

Ribose is also included in Optimal Energy.

 

12. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10)

Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is an antioxidant molecule found in every cell of your body.

It’s particularly concentrated in the mitochondria, playing a key role in the production of energy.

It also protects the mitochondria from oxidative damage. 

Without CoQ10, your body cannot synthesize ATP because CoQ10 is an essential component of the mitochondrial electron transport chain.

Many doctors are unaware that CoQ10 is an excellent treatment for many brain health issues, including depression, chronic fatigue syndrome, and Alzheimer’s disease

Low levels of CoQ10 can cause brain fog, mental fatigue, difficulty concentrating, memory lapses, depression and irritability (68-70). 

Researchers have found that CoQ10 levels are significantly lower in the depressed patients (71). 

Unfortunately, chronic oxidative stress and medications can further deplete CoQ10

But supplementing with CoQ10 can increase your mitochondrial energy production and reduce symptoms of depression and chronic fatigue (71). 

Food sources with high natural concentrations of CoQ10 include organic red palm oil and grass-fed beef heart (72, 73). 

But supplementing with it will give you a more significant mitochondrial boost.

 

13. Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ)

Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) is a vitamin-like enzyme and potent antioxidant found in plant foods.

It has a wide range of brain health and mitochondrial benefits.

It’s been shown to preserve and enhance memory, attention, and cognition by protecting the mitochondria from oxidative damage.

It also promotes the growth of new mitochondria in the brain (56-59). 

Since it helps grow new mitochondria, it may help you if you suffer from depression, since fewer mitochondria have been found in people with depression (63). 

Reactive nitrogen species (RNS) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) cause severe stress on brain cells and mitochondria.

PQQ has also been shown to suppress RNS and ROS (60-62). 

Researchers have also found that supplemental PQQ can be neuroprotective by increasing mitochondrial activity levels (64-66). 

I personally never really noticed much of anything from PQQ. So I don’t take it anymore and didn’t include it in Optimal Energy.

 

14. Magnesium

Magnesium is a vital mineral within your body.

Mitochondria are considered magnesium “storage units” because they hold onto a lot of your body’s magnesium. 

Magnesium also protects the mitochondria and plays a role in the production and transfer of ATP within the mitochondria.

And research shows that if you have a deficiency in magnesium, your brain cells will have fewer mitochondria, and they will be less healthy (54, 55). 

This is just another reason to supplement with magnesium every day.

 
Scientific representation of brain and brain blood flow.

Carnitine is an amino acid that improves mitochondrial activity and plays an important role in energy production.

It’s known to transport fatty acids directly into the mitochondria of your brain cells. 

It’s also required to produce ATP and deficiencies are associated with reduced mitochondrial function in the brain (74). 

Supplementing with carnitine makes it easier for fatty acids to cross your blood-brain barrier and nourish the mitochondria within your brain. This can improve your mood, memory and energy levels.

Several studies show that carnitine eases depressive symptoms and improves quality of life in patients with chronic depression (75-78). 

And individuals with autism often have reduced levels of carnitine within their brain (79). 

Carnitine is synergistic with Alpha Lipoic Acid (ALA), meaning that when you take them together, they are more effective at supporting the mitochondria in your brain.

ALA is a mitochondrial enzyme and antioxidant. It is fat soluble and can easily cross your blood-brain barrier.

It’s been shown to improve cognition by reducing oxidative stress in the brain.

It also protects existing mitochondria and creates new mitochondria in the brain (80, 101).

Both ALA and carnitine are included together in Optimal Energy.

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16. Thiamine

Thiamine, also known as Vitamin B1, is an essential water-soluble nutrient that cannot be made by the body.

It’s used in nearly every cell in the body and it’s especially important for supporting energy levels and mitochondrial functioning in the brain.

It’s also required by nerve cells and other supporting cells in the nervous system.

Research shows that thiamine deficiency induces oxidative stress, resulting in mitochondrial abnormalities in the brain (21-22).

Healthy food sources of thiamine include green peas, beef liver, asparagus, pecans, spinach, sunflower seeds, macadamia nuts, oranges, cantaloupe and eggs. 

These foods are included in my Free Grocery Shopping Guide for Optimal Mental Health.

Thiamine is also included in Optimal Energy.

 

17. Creatine

Creatine is a molecule produced in the body and found in foods, particularly meat, eggs, and fish.  

Creatine is also available as a supplement.

Athletes, bodybuilders, wrestlers, sprinters often take extra creatine to gain more muscle mass.

It’s an incredibly well-researched supplement and safe to take regularly. 

Supplementing with creatine can also support the brain.

It's been shown to have neuroprotective effects. It rapidly produces energy to support brain cell function.

Researchers have also found that creatine supplementation improves function of mitochondria in the brain (25).

 

18. Curcumin

Curcumin is the most heavily researched compound within turmeric, the spice that gives curry its yellow colour.

Curcumin protects mitochondria and prevents mitochondrial dysfunction in the brain (111-113).

Curcumin can be found in both Optimal Energy and Optimal Antiox.

 

19. Malic Acid

Malic acid, also known as malate, is an intermediate of the Krebs cycle.

It’s a key step in the pathway of energy production by the mitochondria.

And it has a number of health benefits because it improves mitochondrial function.

Malate supplementation has been shown to increase the availability of NAD+, which is necessary for producing ATP.

Malate also increases NADPH levels, which is a fundamental antioxidant in the body that promotes mitochondrial function (114).

That’s why I’ve included malic acid in the Optimal Energy supplement.

 

20. Niacinamide

Niacinamide, also known as nicotinamide, is a vitamin found in foods.

It’s also often taken as a supplement.

Niacinamide is the precursor to NAD+ and therefore supplementation can increase levels of this molecule and improve mitochondrial function.

Researchers have found that niacinamide prevents energy depletion in the brain (115).

It also improves the mitochondrial quality of brain cells by inducing autophagy and causing dysfunctional mitochondria to fragment (116).

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21. N-Acetyl-Cysteine

N-Acetyl-Cysteine (NAC) is a modified form of the amino acid cysteine.

It’s also the precursor to glutathione, your body’s master antioxidant.

Nowadays, we’re exposed to so many environmental toxins, which cause oxidative stress in the body and deplete our reserves of cysteine and glutathione.  

But supplementing with NAC can increase and normalize your cysteine and glutathione levels. 

This can combat and reduce oxidative stress in your brain, which can then help treat several mental illnesses.

NAC can also help support your mitochondria.

In one study, NAC treatment for 9 weeks reduced oxidative damage to the mitochondria (117).

And in multiple cell studies, NAC improved mitochondrial function by reducing oxidative stress (118-119).

 

22. Succinic acid

Succinic acid, also known as succinate, is an intermediate molecule of the Krebs cycle that plays a significant role in the electron transport chain.

It can be purchased as a supplement to boost energy production by the mitochondria.

Succinic acid has been shown to prevent structural and functional damage to the mitochondria caused by oxidative stress (120).

And in brain cells that have mitochondrial dysfunction, succinic acid supplementation improved mitochondrial functioning by increasing glucose and oxygen usage. This led to increased levels of ATP energy (121).

For this reason, succinic acid is in the Optimal Energy supplement.

 

23. EGCG

Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate (EGCG) is the main polyphenol found in green tea.

It’s been shown to have anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects.

EGCG accumulates within the mitochondria and activates a number of proteins related to mitochondrial function (122-124).

I personally drink organic green tea regularly, usually in place of coffee on days when I’m relaxing.

However, it’s important to keep in mind that the body isn't very good at absorbing EGCG and distributing it to the brain and other tissues.

That's why researchers often use large dosages of concentrated EGCG in their studies instead of green tea.

But unfortunately, large dosages of concentrated EGCG have been shown to cause liver toxicity.

So you could supplement with large dosages of concentrated EGCG and see some benefits.

But you'd be damaging your liver at the same time.

Not good.

So what should you do? How do you absorb EGCG and get the amazing benefits of it without damaging your liver?

You take it with Vitamin C.

Research shows that you can enhance the absorption and availability of EGCG by taking it with Vitamin C (9).

That's why the Optimal Antiox supplement includes a small and safe amount of EGCG, plus 500 mg of Vitamin C.

This significantly enhances the absorption of EGCG, and ensures you get all the brain and mental health benefits of EGCG (without the harm).

 

24. Citicoline

Citicoline (also known as CDP-Choline) is one of the most bioavailable forms of choline, an essential B vitamin.

You need to get choline from food, but most people do not get enough because very few foods in the Western diet contain high levels of it.

That’s why supplementation is often necessary for optimal brain health.

Citicoline is a supplemental form of choline that has anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects.

Research shows that citicoline slows down the aging of mitochondria in the brain (125).

It also significantly enhances mitochondrial energy production and increases ATP levels in the frontal lobe of the brain (125).

Citicoline significantly improves my focus and mental energy.

You can also find some choline in foods such as beef liver and egg yolks, but the effects of Citicoline are much more noticeable and immediate because it quickly passes the blood-brain barrier and supports your brain.  

Make sure you read this article to learn more about the remarkable benefits of Citicoline.

 

25. Ginkgo Biloba

Ginkgo Biloba is a plant that has been used in China for thousands of years to treat a number of health problems.

It’s one of the top-selling natural supplements in the world, and it’s even a prescription herb in Germany.

Ginkgo Biloba is most commonly used to improve brain health because it increases brain blood flow and improves memory, mood, mental energy, and attention in both healthy and unhealthy individuals.

It even reduces the risk of dementia and Alzheimer’s disease!

Researchers have discovered that one of the ways it supports brain function is by improving mitochondrial function and increasing the production of ATP in brain cells (126-127).

It even restores ATP levels after mitochondrial damage (128).

Ginkgo Biloba is included in the Optimal Brain supplement.

 

Conclusion

Picture of mitochondrion, the energy producer of brain cells.

Paying attention to your mitochondria is crucial for optimal brain and mental health.

Luckily there are a number of dietary and lifestyle habits that can protect and support mitochondrial function.

The following steps will ensure your body and brain have healthier and more abundant mitochondria: 

  • Take Optimal Energy. It’s an all-in-one mitochondrial supplement. It includes the 17 best natural compounds proven to boost mitochondrial functioning in the brain.

  • Eat nutrient-dense, whole foods, including plenty of fruits and vegetables. Download my free food guide for a shopping list of the best foods to eat.

  • Limit refined sugars, processed flours, industrial oils, trans fats, gluten and processed dairy.

  • Eat organic grass-fed beef and wild-caught fish, or supplement with krill oil.

  • Exercise

  • Try LLLT

  • Restrict calories and/or fast intermittently

  • Follow a cyclic ketogenic diet and/or take exogenous ketones

If you follow these strategies, there’s no doubt that you can improve your mitochondrial health and naturally restore your mood and energy levels.

Please share this post with one of your friends or family members who you think might benefit from protecting and supporting their mitochondria, because it really is an underappreciated and unknown aspect of optimal brain and mental health. 

 
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Live Optimally,

Jordan Fallis

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(92) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21414088

(93)https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228683547_Common_aspects_of_neuroplasticity_mood_disorders_and_mitochondrial_functions

(94) http://www.pnas.org/content/112/50/15486.full.pdf

(95) http://www.nature.com/tp/journal/v4/n6/full/tp201444a.html

(96) http://bmcmedicine.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12916-015-0310-y

(97) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3640606/

(98)https://www.researchgate.net/publication/221747050_Corticosterone_reduces_brain_mitochondrial_function_and_expression_of_mitofusin_BDNF_in_depression-like_rodents_regardless_of_exercise_preconditioning

(99)http://hypotyreos.info/attachments/079_Mitokondriell%20dysfunktion%20i%20depressiva%20sjukdomar.pdf

(100) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.go v/pmc/articles/PMC4382850/

(101) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17605107

(102) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24189435

(103) http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0925443909002427

(104) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20114042

(105) http://archpsyc.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=210694

(106) https://www.masscfids.org/resource-library/13-basic-information/302-mitochondrial-dysfunction-post-exertional-malaise-and-cfsme

(107) http://www.umdf.org/site/c.8qKOJ0MvF7LUG/b.7934627/k.3711/What_is_Mitochondrial_Disease.htm

(108) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17239370

(109) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4566449/

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The 22 Best Natural Treatments and Remedies for OCD

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic mental disorder characterized by obsessions (repetitive thoughts) and compulsions (repetitive actions).

It affects about 3 per cent of adults and 1 per cent of children (79).

It’s clear that both genetic and environmental factors contribute to the development of OCD.

Research shows that OCD is often inherited and passed down within families (89).

But experiencing abuse or trauma as a child also increases the risk of developing the disorder (86-88).

Both children and adults with OCD have high levels of cortisol (a stress hormone) in their blood, and increased glutamate (an excitatory neurotransmitter) in their brain (80-83).

They also have lower levels of GABA and serotonin, which are relaxing neurotransmitters in the brain (84-85).

Antidepressant medication is the standard treatment for OCD.

But many people prefer to manage and treat their OCD without having to rely on drugs.

Researchers have studied many different natural treatments for OCD, and this article explores the most promising ones.

The first section of this article explores the best nutrients, herbs and supplements to naturally treat OCD.

The second section of the article explores the best lifestyle habits, therapies and practices to combat and overcome OCD.

It is important to note that people with OCD often have to try more than one therapy to find one that works well for them.

You shouldn't suddenly change or discontinue your current OCD treatment without consulting with your doctor first.

But read on to learn about some of the best natural remedies and therapies that can help reduce your symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder.

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The Best Nutrients, Herbs and Supplements for Naturally Treating OCD

1. N-Acetyl Cysteine

N-Acetyl-Cysteine (NAC) is a modified form of the amino acid cysteine.  

It’s also the precursor to glutathione, your body’s master antioxidant.  

Nowadays, we’re exposed to so many environmental toxins, which cause oxidative stress in the body and deplete our reserves of cysteine and glutathione.  

But supplementing with NAC can increase and normalize your cysteine and glutathione levels.  

This can combat and reduce oxidative stress in your brain, which can then help treat several mental illnesses, including OCD. 

More than one study has found that NAC can significantly improve OCD symptoms in more than half of OCD patients (44, 46).

And a systematic review determined that NAC is effective at reducing the severity of OCD symptoms with minimal side effects (45).

NAC is included in Optimal Antiox

Be sure to read this article all about the benefits of NAC.

 

2. Inositol

Inositol is a naturally-occurring molecule found in nearly all plants and animals. It plays a key role in various biological processes.  

The brain has the highest concentration of inositol, where it plays an important role making and affecting neurotransmitters, including serotonin (1).  

Inositol can be found in many foods, particularly fruit, especially cantaloupe and oranges (2).  These foods are included in my Free Grocery Shopping Guide for Optimal Brain and Mental Health.

It used to be considered a B Vitamin (Vitamin B8). But it currently is no longer considered an essential nutrient because your body can produce inositol from glucose (3). 

However, supplementation with inositol can still help reduce symptoms of OCD.  

In one study, patients with OCD took 18 grams of inositol or placebo daily for six weeks.  

At the end of the six weeks, the patients who took inositol had significantly lower scores on the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale.  

The researchers concluded that inositol can effectively treat obsessive-compulsive disorder (4-5). 

It’s important to point out that the research suggests that you need to take high doses (12 to 18 grams daily) if you want to experience the anxiety-reducing benefits of inositol

I took high doses of inositol when weening off psychiatric medication

I personally noticed a reduction in my obsessive-compulsive tendencies while supplementing with it. 

Check out my full post about inositol to learn more about the benefits. 

 

3. Zinc

Best-natural-ocd-treatment-for-of-at-home-remedies-supplements-cures-without-medication-drugs-meds-medicine-anxiety-and-diet-foods-ways-to-help-obsessive-compulsive-disorder-intrusive-thoughts-herbs-control-in-adults-depression-remedy-cure-symptoms-…

Zinc is an essential mineral for mental health, especially if you have chronic anxiety.  

Unfortunately, many people are deficient in zinc. In fact, it’s estimated that 2 billion people in the world are deficient. And this often includes people with OCD. 

Researchers have found that patients with OCD tend to have much lower levels of zinc that individuals without OCD (49).  

And one study showed that zinc supplementation helped reduce obsessions and compulsions without side effects (50).  

I created and take the Optimal Zinc supplement to make sure my zinc levels are optimal. I created it because I want to give my clients and readers the very best zinc supplement so that they can experience superior results. I have found that many zinc supplements on the market fall short. Optimal Zinc includes several other nutrients (co-factors) that increase the absorption of zinc. 

Besides supplementing, you should also eat plenty of healthy, whole foods that contain zinc.  

Some of the best foods to optimize your zinc levels include:  

  • Oysters  

  • Grass-fed beef

  • Pumpkin seeds

  • Cashews

  • Mushrooms  

  • Spinach  

These foods are included in my Free Grocery Shopping Guide for Optimal Brain and Mental Health.  

Check out my previous post all about zinc and anxiety if you want to learn more about how zinc impacts anxiety levels and can contribute to OCD. 

Zinc can also stimulate your vagus nerve, which reduces anxiety. 

 

4. Glycine

Glycine is an amino acid commonly found in protein-rich foods such as meat, fish, collagen and gelatin. These foods are included in my Free Grocery Shopping Guide for Optimal Brain and Mental Health.

Glycine is one of three amino acids that your body uses to make glutathione, the master antioxidant in your body.  

Supplementing with 60 grams of glycine daily has been shown to reduce OCD symptoms (70).  

I personally take collagen protein powder to make sure I get enough glycine. Or you can supplement with pure glycine powder.

Another option is to take sarcosine.  

Sarcosine is a natural supplement that inhibits the uptake of glycine. By doing this, it increases the availability of glycine in the brain.  

Researchers have found that sarcosine can lead to quick, profound and sustained improvements in OCD symptoms (71).  

I’ve tried sarcosine and I find that it’s much more powerful and effective at improving mental health symptoms than taking glycine or collagen powder. It's very good at reducing anxiety.  

 

5. Curcumin

Curcumin is the most heavily researched compound within turmeric, the spice that gives curry its yellow colour.  

It’s one of my favourite natural compounds for optimal health.  

Research shows that curcumin can significantly improve obsessive-compulsive symptoms by increasing serotonin (53).  

Curcumin is a good option if you struggle with chronic inflammation, depression and OCD. 

In my experience, it doesn’t help as much if you only have anxiety

Curcumin is included in the Optimal Energy and Optimal Antiox supplements. 

Since curcumin is a fat soluble, take it with a fatty meal. 

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6. Caffeine

Caffeine is a surprising natural remedy for OCD. 

It usually increases anxiety and stress in most people. 

But research shows that it can improve OCD symptoms.  

Two clinical trials found that caffeine significantly reduces the severity of OCD symptoms in people with treatment-resistant OCD (47-48).  

I recently cut out coffee completely but I used to drink this coffee.  

You can also just take pure caffeine tablets if you want. I sometimes take tablets before a workout. 

Coffee and caffeine can disrupt sleep though, so make sure you don’t drink it in the evening close to bed. Some people like me are really sensitive and have to stop drinking it very early in the day so that it doesn’t disrupt their sleep. 

It's also a good idea to try to consume the whole coffee fruit, instead of just coffee or pure caffeine. 

Traditionally, the coffee bean is extracted from the coffee fruit for roasting. And the surrounding fruit is discarded.  

But that’s a problem because the coffee fruit contains several healthy compounds not found in coffee beans themselves.  

And researchers have found that consuming whole coffee fruit concentrate can significantly enhance cognitive functioning.  

That’s why I included coffee fruit in the Optimal Brain supplement

 

7. Magnesium

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Magnesium is the fourth most abundant mineral in the human body, and it’s absolutely essential for optimal mental health.  

It’s absolutely essential for the proper functioning of your nervous system and optimal neurotransmitter activity.  

Unfortunately, many people don’t get enough of it, even if they eat a healthy diet

Research shows that low magnesium levels contribute and worsen many neuropsychiatric problems, including OCD.  

Patients with OCD have significantly lower levels of magnesium in their blood than people without OCD (54).  

So if you have OCD, it’s clearly important to make sure you’re getting enough magnesium so that you don’t have a deficiency. 

Since most people are deficient, magnesium is one of the three supplements that I think everyone should be taking every day. That’s why it’s included in my Optimal Calm supplement.

Epsom salt baths are another great way to increase your body’s intake of magnesium.  

You should also make sure you’re eating enough magnesium-rich foods on a regular basis, including:  

  • Spinach  

  • Chard  

  • Pumpkin seeds

  • Almonds

  • Avocado  

  • Dark chocolate

  • Bananas  

These foods are included in my Free Grocery Shopping Guide for Optimal Mental Health

 

8. Milk Thistle

Milk thistle is a herb commonly used to improve liver health and protect the liver from alcohol and other drugs

Silymarin, one of the flavonoids in milk thistle, has been shown to increase serotonin levels in the brains of animals (72).  

And one human study found that milk thistle works just as well as a popular SSRI antidepressant at reducing OCD symptoms (73).  

 

9. Probiotics

As you probably already know, the health of your gut (and the bacteria within it) significantly influence your brain and mental health.  

So not surprisingly, probiotics have been shown to be another possible natural remedy for OCD. 

Studies also show that the neurotransmitter serotonin is produced in the gut.  

By taking a probiotic supplement, you can enhance the diversity of the bacteria in your gut, create a better environment for the synthesis of serotonin, and therefore increase serotonin levels and activity in your brain (18). 

Probiotics have also been shown to stimulate the vagus nerve and reduce inflammation, which tends to be elevated in people with OCD. 

A systematic review of 38 studies concluded the probiotics can improve psychiatric disorder-related behaviors, including anxiety and OCD (55).  

The researchers found that the following probiotics can help with OCD: 

All three of these probiotics are included in the Optimal Biotics supplement

You can also check out this article to learn more about the top 9 psychobiotics that can help reduce your anxiety.  

And this article includes 5 ways to increase your good gut bacteria. 

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10. Borage Oil

Borage oil is a natural remedy made from the seeds of the Borago officinalis plant. 

The oil is high in gamma linoleic acid (GLA), which is an essential fatty acid that must be obtained from your diet.  

It’s commonly used to help reduce the inflammation that is linked to many chronic diseases. 

Its anti-inflammatory effects may be why it helps reduce OCD.  

Researchers have found that 500 mg of borage oil per day can reduce obsessive and compulsive and anxiety symptoms (75).  

Animal research also shows that it can have anti-anxiety effects similar to benzodiazepines (74).  

I took borage oil years ago but no longer feel the need to take it.  

 

11. Iron

Iron is a trace mineral found in every living cell in our bodies.  

It carries oxygen to all parts of your body, and low levels can leave you feeling tired, pale, irritable and foggy.  

But research also shows that iron is an important cofactor in the synthesis of serotonin, and an iron deficiency can increase the risk of developing an anxiety disorder (6). 

Researchers have also found that blood iron levels are significantly lower in patients with mild and moderate OCD (51).  

Despite this, I don’t actually recommend supplementing with iron because some research suggests that too much iron can cause health problems and actually increase anxiety (7).  

It’s definitely a much better idea to test your iron levels and naturally get your iron from food.  

I make sure I get enough simply by taking grass-fed beef liver capsules.  

Beef liver is one of the best sources of iron. But I don’t like the taste of cooked beef liver, so I go with the capsules instead.  

Some other good sources of iron include: 

  • Spirulina

  • Dark chocolate

  • Spinach

  • Sardines

  • Pistachios

  • Raisons

These foods are included in my Free Grocery Shopping Guide for Optimal Brain and Mental Health

 

12. Ashwagandha

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Ashwagandha (Withania sominifera) is a popular Indian herb that has been used for more than 3000 years. It’s sometimes called the “Indian Ginseng”.  

It’s known as an “adaptogen”, which is a compound that balances the body and restores normal bodily functioning after chronic stress

In one study, 30 people with OCD took ashwagandha for 6 weeks, and it notably and significantly reduced their OCD symptoms (52).  

Animal research also shows that ashwagandha causes anti-anxiety effects, reduces OCD-like behaviour and improves stress tolerance in rats (8-13). 

So it’s a pretty impressive herbal remedy for OCD and anxiety.

But how does it work?  

By increasing serotonin and GABA in the brain, and lowering cortisol levels by 25 per cent (14-17).  

Ashwagandha is one of the main herbs I took to help myself get off psychiatric medications

It’s included in the Optimal Calm supplement.

 

13. Saffron

Saffron is a spice derived from the Crocus sativus plant.  

It has a number of health benefits due to the medicinal compounds within it.  

Saffron is one of the best supplements for reducing depression, anxiety and stress

Safranal and Crocetin, two of the compounds within saffron, have been shown to stimulate GABA receptors and increase serotonin levels in the brain (19-20). 

As a result, researchers have determined that saffron can reduce compulsive behavior (56).  

 

14. Valerian

Valerian (Valeriana officinalis) is a natural herb, and the root of the herb has traditionally been used to treat insomnia.  

But it also can reduce symptoms of OCD. 

In one study, supplementing with 750 mg of valerian for eight weeks reduced symptoms by 25% in people diagnosed with OCD (57).  

And in an animal study, valerian demonstrated anti-obsessive and anti-compulsive effects and researchers determined it's a good candidate for treating obsessive-compulsive disorder (21). 

Scientists have collected a massive amount of research demonstrating that the compounds in valerian naturally reduce symptoms of OCD by:  

As a result of this, it creates a calming effect similar to anti-anxiety drugs like Xanax and Valium.  

This is why valerian is often called “Nature’s Valium”.  

Valerian is one of the first herbal remedies I took years ago to manage my anxiety at night and improve my sleep.  

It’s included in this anti-anxiety supplement.  

Valerian supplements include the roots and stems of the plant.  

But you can also take it as a tea or tincture if you want. 

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The Best Lifestyle Habits, Therapies and Practices for Naturally Treating OCD

15. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is one of the first-line treatments for OCD. 

It involves challenging and changing unhelpful cognitive distortions and behaviors, improving emotional regulation, and developing personal coping strategies. 

A meta-analysis of high-quality studies concluded that CBT is an effective method for treating OCD and reducing OCD symptoms (77-78).  

I personally never found CBT helpful for my mental health issues but other people do. 

It’s definitely worth trying if you OCD though. 

 

16. Neurofeedback

Neurofeedback is a type of biofeedback that shows you your brain activity in real-time and teaches you how to self-regulate it.  

Sensors are placed on your scalp to measure your brain’s activity, and the measurements are displayed using video or sound. 

Personally, neurofeedback was one of the most impactful actions I took to overcome severe anxiety

It works at a deep subconscious level, breaking the cycle of chronic anxiety.  

It allows shifts you into a natural, healthier state of mind.  

And research shows that it works for people with OCD. 

One study showed that it can normalize brain activity in people with OCD (58). 

If you want to try neurofeedback, it’s best to work with a qualified neurofeedback practitioner.  

If you’re interested in neurofeedback, I recommend becoming a client and working with us to determine the best type of neurofeedback for you and your condition. I have found that some types of neurofeedback are completely ineffective and may even be harmful. So it’s very important to do the right type of neurofeedback that actually works.

I also sometimes recommend the Muse headband. It’s a decent substitute to real neurofeedback and gives you real-time feedback in your brainwaves while you meditate.

I previously wrote about the Muse headband here, and you can get it through the Muse website. But keep in mind that it’s definitely not as good as clinical neurofeedback.

Please note: If you’re interested in trying neurofeedback, I recommend becoming a client and working with us to determine the best type of neurofeedback for you and your condition. I have found that some types of neurofeedback are completely ineffective and may even be harmful. So it’s very important to do the right type of neurofeedback that actually works. It’s also critical to work with a qualified neurofeedback practitioner who knows what they are doing. Otherwise, you can get worse. We help our clients find a qualified practitioner in their area.

 

17. Light Therapy

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Light therapy is another natural therapy that you may be able to use to manage and treat your OCD. 

I came across a case study of a woman who had OCD and it got a lot worse in the winter. 

But two hours of light therapy every day for two weeks improved her mood and reduced her symptoms of obsession. 

What’s most surprising is that her condition remained stable for 16 months afterwards. She even made it through the next following winter (69).  

I personally get sunlight every day during the spring and summer months to support my mental health.  

I also use a number of different at-home devices to improve my mood and optimize my brain function. 

Throughout the winter, I use a seasonal affective disorder (SAD) light box. I turn it on next to my desk in the morning.

I also have a Vitamin D sunlamp for the winter months. 

And all year around, I use low-level red-light therapy (LLLT) to improve my mood and cognitive function. I use these three LLLT devices: 

  • Optimal 1000 Brain Photobiomodulation Therapy Light (Combo Red/NIR) - This is a powerful device that shines 660 nm of red light and 850 nm of infrared light. I shine it on my forehead for 5 minutes every day. I also shine it on other parts of my head and on my entire body, including on my thyroid, thymus gland and gut. I experience incredible benefits from doing this.

  • Optimal 300 Brain Photobiomodulation Therapy Light (Combo Red/NIR) - This is a smaller and more convenient device that I take with me when I’m travelling. I shine it on my forehead.

  • Vielight Neuro Duo – This is a transcranial-intranasal headset with 810 nm of near infrared light that I’ve now been using regularly. It penetrates deeper into brain tissue and is absorbed better by the central nervous system. If you decide to get this one, you can use the coupon code JORDANFALLIS for a 10% discount. Some research has shown a 20-fold higher efficiency of light delivery to the deep brain through the nose instead of transcranial application (125). Vielight has several different devices and you can also use the coupon code JORDANFALLIS for 10% off any of them.

You can read more about LLLT here.  

I highly recommend all of the above devices if you really want to optimize your mental health and reduce symptoms of OCD. 

 

18. Meditation

Meditation is my favourite daily activity to relax and ground myself. 

And if you have OCD, you should try to add it into your daily routine as well. 

In one study, OCD patients received mindfulness training. They were taught meditative breathing, body-scan, and mindful daily living.  

By the end of the study, they witnessed a “significant and large reduction” in their OCD symptoms. It was much easier for them to “let go” (66).  

I use the Muse headband to meditate. It gives you real-time feedback while you meditate. That way, you know how well you are meditating. It makes meditation a lot more fun and tolerable.  

I previously wrote about the Muse headband here, and you can get it through the Muse website

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19. Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy

Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) is a type of therapy that includes a mix of cognitive behavioral therapy methods and mindfulness meditate practices. 

As mentioned before, mindfulness meditation and cognitive behavioral therapy help people with OCD individually. 

So it’s not too surprising they also help when used in combination. 

In one study, eight weeks of MBCT reduced OCD symptoms.  

Two third of the participants reported a decline in symptoms, including an increased ability to let unpleasant emotions surface and to live more consciously in the present (76).  

 

20. Exercise

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Exercise is another natural way to manage and treat OCD. 

It’s easily accessible and free, and many doctors and researchers recommend exercise as their number one piece of advice for optimal mental health. 

Five different studies have found that aerobic exercise can reduce OCD symptoms (59-63).  

After exercising for 12 weeks, study participants reported fewer obsessions and compulsions, and the benefits remain for 6 months (64).  

The exercise doesn’t need to be intense though.  

Even simply walking can reduce symptoms of OCD (65).  

Exercise can be a big chore for a lot of people, so I recommend finding some sort of sport or aerobic activity that you enjoy. That way you won’t get sick of it and you’ll exercise regularly. 

 

21. Music

Music is actually very healing and can have a calming effect on the brain. 

I previously wrote about how music can naturally reduce cortisol, and increase dopamine and oxytocin

This is probably why it’s been shown to help people with OCD. 

In one study, music therapy reduced symptoms of obsession, depression and anxiety in patients with OCD (67).  

 

22. Acupuncture

Acupuncture is another natural treatment that has been shown to help people with OCD. 

In one study, 19 patients with treatment-resistant OCD received 12 sessions of acupuncture, and it significantly alleviated their OCD symptoms (68). 

I’m personally a really big fan of auricular acupuncture. Auricular acupuncture is when needles are inserted into ear. I’d recommend trying to find a health practitioner in your area who provides it, especially if you’re weening off psychiatric medication. It really helped me the first time I came off antidepressants. I was surprised.  

At the end of each appointment, my practitioner would secure small black seeds on my ear.  

In my experience, ear acupuncture is more effective than regular acupuncture.  

I also lie on an acupuncture mat at home to relax before bed. 

 

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Live Optimally,

Jordan Fallis

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References:  

(1) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inositol  

(2) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7416064 

(3) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inositol 

(4) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8780431  

(5) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9169302 

(6) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3680022/ 

(7) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4253901/ 

(8) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3252722/  

(9) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11194174  

(10) https://www.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18476388cbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18476388  

(11) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22546655  

(12) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12895672  

(13) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10075127 

(14) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4270108/  

(15) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3252722/  

(16) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2958355/pdf/IJPsy-42-295.pdf  

(17) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3040882/ 

(18) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5319175/ 

(19) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4599112/  

(20) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4599118/ 

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27 Effective Ways to Increase Acetylcholine in the Brain

Acetylcholine is one of the most important neurotransmitters. 

It's critical for the optimal functioning of your brain. 

And you’ll definitely want to optimize your levels, especially if you’re looking to improve your memory, attention, sleep and learning abilities. 

Luckily, there are a number of ways you can increase the acetylcholine levels in your brain. 

And this article shares the best strategies with you.  

This post includes six main sections: 

  • The benefits of increasing acetylcholine and how it affects brain function 

  • The conditions associated with low levels of acetylcholine 

  • The best choline supplements you can take to increase acetylcholine production 

  • The best foods and nutrients you should eat to raise acetylcholine 

  • The best herbal supplements for boosting acetylcholine 

  • And the most important hormones for optimal acetylcholine levels 

Continue reading to learn more and discover how you can naturally improve your acetylcholine levels. 

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The Benefits of Increasing Acetylcholine and How It Affects Your Brain

Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter, meaning it’s a chemical messenger released by neurons (nerve cells) to “communicate” with other neurons. 

In 1914, it was the very first neurotransmitter to be identified within the brain (82-83).  

Researchers have found that acetylcholine acts on the entire nervous system and plays a large variety of roles throughout the brain. 

But it’s most commonly associated with improved memory and learning (84-85).  

The brain actually needs enough acetylcholine to form memories. 

Research shows that acetylcholine plays a central role in synaptic plasticity, which is a process in the brain that allows brain cells to store new information and memories (88). 

Scopolamine is a drug that blocks acetylcholine activity, and it’s known to impair learning and memory in both humans and animals (86-87).  

What’s also interesting is that acetylcholine levels have even been shown to rise during REM sleep, which is the stage of sleep when humans “store and consolidate” new memories (89-91).  

But acetylcholine doesn’t just improve your memory and learning abilities.  

New studies suggest it helps you stay awake, alert and focused (92-93).  

In fact, some stimulant drugs such as amphetamines and cocaine increase the activity of acetylcholine in the brain, and researchers think acetylcholine may be responsible for the wakefulness-promoting effects of these drugs (94).  

Lastly – but perhaps most importantly – acetylcholine can promote relaxation by stimulating the vagus nerve

Research shows that acetylcholine can stimulate vagus nerve activity, which can reduce brain inflammation and improve cognitive function and mental health (95, 99).  

Surprisingly, acetylcholine is the main neurotransmitter of the “rest-and-digest” parasympathetic nervous system. It activates the parasympathetic nervous system and counteracts “fight-or-flight” tendencies (96-98).  

 

Conditions Associated with Low Levels of Acetylcholine

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As we get older, acetylcholine activity slowly becomes less and less efficient. Less acetylcholine is released from brain cells, and cells become less sensitive to the acetylcholine that’s released. 

Studies suggest that this is one reason why memory starts to fail in older people (100).  

But besides aging, low acetylcholine levels (and reduced acetylcholine activity in certain areas of the brain) have also been linked to the development and progression of several brain and mental health conditions.  

The biggest link is with Alzheimer's disease and dementia, as people with these conditions often have low acetylcholine levels (101-102). 

In fact, it’s estimated that patients with Alzheimer’s Disease lose 90% of the acetylcholine in their brains (107).  

Research shows that low acetylcholine in the brain can cause cognitive decline and poor memory in people with dementia and Alzheimer's disease.  

And many of the medications that are prescribed to relieve cognitive symptoms and slow down the disease’s progression often work by increasing acetylcholine in the brain and stimulating acetylcholine activity throughout the brain (103-112).  

Parkinson’s disease is another neurodegenerative disorder that is linked to low acetylcholine levels in the brain (113).  

Too little acetylcholine in the brain can also contribute to the poor cognition and psychosis seen in people suffering with schizophrenia (114-115).  

It’s also been found that patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis have lower acetylcholine levels (116).  

Lastly, children with autism may lack acetylcholine in their brain, which can contribute to their intellectual impairment. But increasing acetylcholine can improve cognitive and social symptoms (117-118).  

It’s also important to point out that many prescription medications are anticholinergic, meaning they reduce acetylcholine and inhibit the physiological action of acetylcholine in the brain.  

I used to be on several prescription drugs that were anticholinergic, and I experienced a gradual decline in my cognition. 

But once I started following and implementing some of the steps below, I noticed an improvement in cognitive function since they increased my levels of acetylcholine.  

I still follow much of the advice below because it helps me focus, remember and learn more effectively. 

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The Best Choline Supplements to Increase Acetylcholine in the Brain

One of the best and most straightforward approaches to increasing acetylcholine levels is by supplementing with choline

Choline is an essential nutrient, meaning it can’t be made by the body. You must consume it through your diet. 

Unfortunately, most people don’t eat enough choline because very few foods in the Western diet contain high amounts of it. 

This is a huge problem because choline is a precursor to acetylcholine. It’s one of the important building blocks that the brain needs to make acetylcholine. You need to eat enough choline to synthesize enough acetylcholine in your brain. 

And in one study, researchers found that a higher intake of choline was associated with better cognitive performance (79).  

There are several types of choline supplements on the market, and many of them claim to increase choline and boost acetylcholine levels in the brain.  

But unfortunately, many of them are not effective at increasing choline levels in the brain and raising acetylcholine.  

I’ve tried all of the main choline supplements over the years.  

And I’ve found the two below to be the most effective and best options.  

That’s why they're now both included in the Optimal Brain supplement

 

1. Citicoline

Citicoline (also known as CDP-Choline) is one of the most bioavailable supplemental forms of choline. 

It has anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. 

Research shows that citicoline increases choline levels in the brain (1).  

Since choline helps produce acetylcholine, citicoline also increases acetylcholine in the brain (2, 5-6).  

Researchers have found that citicoline increases the synthesis and release of acetylcholine in the brain after traumatic brain injury. It also increases the number of acetylcholine receptors in your brain (4,7).  

As a result, supplementing with citicoline can improve cognition, working memory and verbal memory, and attention (80-81).  

Citicoline significantly improves my focus and mental energy. That’s why it’s in the Optimal Brain supplement.  

Make sure you read this article to learn more about the remarkable benefits of Citicoline.

 

2. Alpha GPC

Alpha GPC is another excellent supplemental form of choline. It’s very effective at reaching the brain and improving cognitive function.  

Researchers have found that Alpha GPC enhances cognition and improves learning and memory by increasing the release of acetylcholine in the brain (8).  

One study found that it increases levels of acetylcholine in the frontal cortex region of the brain, which improves memory, judgment and decision making (10).  

Alpha GPC can also increase the synthesis of acetylcholine in the brain, which can help treat dementia (9).  

Alpha GPC is in Optimal Brain along with citicoline.  

Make sure you read this article to learn more about the remarkable benefits of Alpha GPC, the optimal dosage, and the best way to take it.

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The Best Foods and Nutrients to Increase Acetylcholine in the Brain

3. Pantethine

Pantethine is the bioactive form of Vitamin B5.  

It’s the precursor to coenzyme A. And coezyme A plays a key role in the synthesis of acetylcholine. 

So supplementing with pantethine can lead to an increase in the synthesis of acetylcholine in the brain (11-13). 

Researchers have found that chronic alcohol consumption is known to deplete pantethine in the brain. This then inhibits coenzyme A and reduces levels of acetylcholine in all areas of the brain (11-13). 

So it’s best to avoid alcohol if you want to increase your acetylcholine levels. 

And if you do drink alcohol regularly, definitely supplement with pantethine so that you can maintain your acetylcholine levels. 

Pantethine is one of my favourite supplements for energy, focus and motivation.  

That’s why I included it in the Optimal Energy supplement

Pantethine is also a key part of Dr. Bredesen’s protocol for preventing dementia.  

 

4. Acetyl-L-Carnitine

Acetyl-L-carnitine (ALCAR) is an acetylated form of the amino acid carnitine.  

It’s been shown to have neuroprotective and cognitive-enhancing effects.  

It’s often used as a natural brain booster by people of all ages because it supports brain cells, enhances cognition, and increases alertness. 

One reason it works so well is because it’s the precursor to acetylcholine and increases levels of acetylcholine in the brain. It also activates acetylcholine receptors in the brain (14-15).  

As a result, researchers believe it should be used to treat cognitive decline (16).  

I find that ALCAR personally gives me a big boost in cognitive energy and resilience. It keeps me motivated to do complex tasks that require optimal brain function.  

It’s included it in the Optimal Brain supplement

Make sure you read this article to learn more about the remarkable benefits of ALCAR.

 

5. Zinc

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Zinc is an essential mineral for brain health.  

Unfortunately, it’s estimated that 2 billion people in the world are deficient in zinc, and several studies show that even subclinical zinc deficiency impairs brain function (75-77). 

That’s a huge problem. 

Because studies show that zinc significantly inhibits acetylcholinesterase, an enzyme that breaks down and reduces acetylcholine. As a result, it increases acetylcholine levels (23). 

Researchers have also found that zinc activates acetylcholine receptors in the brain (24-25).  

I created and take the Optimal Zinc supplement to make sure my zinc levels are optimal. I created it because I want to give my clients and readers the very best zinc supplement so that they can experience superior results. I have found that many zinc supplements on the market fall short.  Optimal Zinc includes several other nutrients (co-factors) that increase the absorption of zinc.  

Besides supplementing with zinc, you should also eat plenty of healthy, whole foods that contain zinc. 

Some of the best foods to optimize your zinc levels include:

  • Oysters 

  • Grass-fed beef 

  • Pumpkin seeds 

  • Cashews 

  • Mushrooms 

  • Spinach  

These foods are included in my Free Grocery Shopping Guide for Optimal Brain Health.  

Check out my previous post all about zinc for more steps you can take to increase your zinc levels. 

 

6. Epigallocatechin Gallate

Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate (EGCG) is the main polyphenol found in green tea.  

It’s been shown to have anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. 

Research shows that EGCG improves cognitive function by increasing cholinergic neurotransmission in the brain (26).  

I personally drink organic green tea regularly, usually in place of coffee on days when I’m relaxing. 

However, it’s important to keep in mind that the body isn't very good at absorbing EGCG from green tea and distributing it to the brain and other tissues.  

That's why researchers often use large dosages of concentrated EGCG in their studies instead of green tea.  

But unfortunately, large dosages of concentrated EGCG have been shown to cause liver toxicity.  

So you could supplement with large dosages of concentrated EGCG and see some benefits.  

But you'd be damaging your liver at the same time.  

Not good.  

So what should you do? How do you absorb EGCG and get the amazing benefits of it without damaging your liver?  

You take it with Vitamin C.  

Research shows that you can enhance the absorption and availability of EGCG by taking it with Vitamin C

That's why the Optimal Antiox supplement includes a small and safe amount of EGCG, plus 500 mg of Vitamin C.  

This significantly enhances the absorption of EGCG, and ensures you get all the brain and mental health benefits of EGCG (without the harm).  

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7. Grape Seed Extract

Grape seed extract is a supplement high in antioxidants that can help prevent memory loss and improve cognitive function.  

Grape seed extract contains high levels of an antioxidant called proanthocyanidin. 

Proanthocyanidin has been shown to increase acetylcholine levels and decrease the breakdown of acetylcholine in the brain (27).  

And one study found that taking grape seed extract every day can improve attention and memory (78).  

Grape seed extract is included in Optimal Antiox, and it contains 95% proanthocyanidins so that you get optimal results.

 

8. Magnesium

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Magnesium is a vital mineral that participates in more than 300 biochemical reactions in your body.  

Unfortunately, a lot of people are deficient in magnesium.  

This is a shame because magnesium is absolutely essential for optimal brain function. 

Magnesium has been shown to have a strong accelerating action on the synthesis of acetylcholine (28).  

The mineral also increases the effectiveness of drugs that slow down the breakdown of acetylcholine (29). 

Since most people are deficient, magnesium is one of the three supplements that I think everyone should be taking every day.  

Epsom salt baths are another great way to increase your body’s intake of magnesium. 

You should also make sure you’re eating enough magnesium-rich foods on a regular basis, including:  

  • Spinach 

  • Chard 

  • Pumpkin seeds  

  • Almonds  

  • Avocado  

  • Dark chocolate  

  • Bananas  

These foods are included in my Free Grocery Shopping Guide for Optimal Brain Health

 

9. Manganese

Manganese is an important trace mineral for human health. It acts as a cofactor, helping many enzymes carry out their functions in the body. 

Manganese has been shown to increase the synthesis of acetylcholine (30).  

Hazelnuts and macadamia nuts contain high levels of manganese, while leafy green vegetables, tea, chocolate and some fruits contain moderate levels. These foods are included in my Free Grocery Shopping Guide for Optimal Brain Health

However, it’s important to note that you shouldn’t consume too much manganese.  

In excess, manganese is neurotoxic and can lead to manganism, a neurodegenerative disorder that causes dopaminergic neuronal death and symptoms similar to Parkinson's disease.  

So I don’t recommend supplementing with very large doses of manganese.  

The small amount of manganese in Optimal Antiox is fine though.

 

10. Curcumin

Curcumin is the most heavily researched compound within turmeric, the spice that gives curry its yellow colour.  

It’s one of my favourite natural compounds for the brain. 

One reason is becayse the curcuminoids in turmeric significantly inhibit the breakdown of acetylcholine, increasing levels in the brain. As a result, turmeric can improve memory and help treat Alzheimer's disease (31).  

Curcumin has also been shown to enhance the activity of acetylcholine in the brain (32-33).  

Curcumin is included in the Optimal Energy supplement

Since curcumin is a fat soluble, take it with a fatty meal. 

 

11. Coffee

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Coffee and caffeine are excellent for brain health.  

There is lots of research showing they are very healthy and can lower the risk of developing neurodegenerative diseases.  

One reason is because they can help optimize acetylcholine levels.  

Research shows that caffeine enhances the release of acetylcholine and increases acetylcholine levels in the brain, particularly in the hippocampus, which is the “memory center” of the brain (17-18).  

I recently cut out coffee completely but I used to drink this high-quality coffee. 

You can also just take pure caffeine tablets if you want.

Coffee and caffeine can disrupt sleep though, so make sure you don’t drink it in the evening close to bed.  

Some people like me are really sensitive and have to stop drinking it very early in the day so that it doesn’t disrupt their sleep. I would have my last cup sometime between 10 in the morning and noon. Any later than that and it disrupted my sleep. 

It's also a good idea to try to consume the whole coffee fruit, instead of just coffee or pure caffeine.  

Traditionally, the coffee bean is extracted from the coffee fruit for roasting. And the surrounding fruit is discarded.  

But that’s a problem because the coffee fruit contains several healthy compounds not found in coffee beans themselves.  

And researchers have found that consuming whole coffee fruit concentrate can significantly enhance cognitive functioning.  

That’s why I included coffee fruit in the Optimal Brain supplement

 

12. Eggs

Eggs are one of the richest food sources of choline. 

And research shows that eating eggs can lead to a significant increase in choline levels in the blood and in the brain (19-20).  

I eat at least 3 eggs every day. They are full of nutrients and excellent for brain health. You should try to find pastured eggs from a local farmer in your area.  

Eggs are included in my Free Grocery Shopping Guide for Optimal Brain Health

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13. Beef Liver

Beef liver is another very rich source of choline. 

And research shows that eating liver can lead to a significant increase in choline levels in the blood and in the brain (19-20). 

Beef liver is one of my three top foods I recommend eating for optimal brain health. 

It’s included in my Free Grocery Shopping Guide for Optimal Brain Health

I don’t like the taste of cooked liver, so I take desiccated beef liver capsules instead.  

 

14. Uridine

Uridine is a natural compound commonly found in beer. 

I definitely don’t recommend drinking beer, but supplementing with pure uridine can protect the brain, enhance cognition, and increase mood and motivation. 

Researchers have found that supplementing with uridine increases acetylcholine concentrations in the brain (3).  

It’s important to note that uridine in food is not bioavailable, and no food has been shown to increase blood levels of uridine (74).  

So you’ll need to supplement with it. 

Uridine is synergistic with omega-3 fatty acids and choline, meaning they all work better when you take them together.  

 

15. Wild Blueberries

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If you want to improve your cognitive performance, eating lots of fruits and vegetables is definitely something you’ll want to do regularly.  

Wild blueberries are particularly potent because of they are so rich in polyphenols. 

The polyphenols in wild blueberries have been shown to significantly improve learning and memory by increasing acetylcholine levels in the brain (21-22).  

If you eat blueberries, make sure they are wild because they are richer in polyphenols.  

I buy wild blueberries every time I go grocery shopping. 

They are included in my Free Grocery Shopping Guide for Optimal Brain Health.  

I try to eat one cup of them every day to support my brain health.  

Alternatively, you can take a blueberry extract.

In fact, most researchers use a concentrated blueberry extract instead of actual blueberries when they study the beneficial health effects of blueberries. 

It’s actually less expensive in the long run to take an extract than eat blueberries every day, but I just prefer to eat actual blueberries. It’s more enjoyable.  

You can also drink blueberry juice if you want. There is research showing that blueberry juice improves cognitive function in the elderly

Besides increasing acetylcholine, wild blueberries also improve brain health by increasing BDNF and improving brain blood flow

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16. Omega-3 Fatty Acids

Omega-3s fatty acids are the highest quality fats for the brain and increasing your intake of them is one of the most impactful actions you can take to promote the normal functioning of your brain and nervous system.  

They have been shown in many studies to significantly reduce brain inflammation; improve memory, mood and cognition; and protect against mild cognitive impairment, dementia and Alzheimer's disease

Research also shows that omega-3 fatty acids increase acetylcholine levels in the brain (34-35).  

It’s important to consume enough omega-3 fatty acids because they are essential fats that your body cannot produce itself.  

Omega-3 fatty acids are found primarily in cold water fish, including:  

  • Salmon  

  • Black cod  

  • Sablefish  

  • Sardines  

  • Herring  

These foods are included in my Free Grocery Shopping Guide for Optimal Brain Health

Unfortunately, most people don't consume enough omega-3 fatty acids through their diet.  

That’s why I recommend supplementing with krill oil, a special kind of fish oil that contains the essential omega-3 fatty acids.  

 

The Best Herbal Supplements to Increase Acetylcholine in the Brain

There are many different herbs and natural plant compounds that can increase acetylcholine levels.

They usually work by inhibiting acetylcholine esterase, the enzyme responsible for breaking down acetylcholine in the brain.

17. Ginkgo Biloba

Ginkgo Biloba is a plant that has been used in China for thousands of years to treat a number of health problems.  

It’s one of the top-selling natural supplements in the world, and it’s even a prescription herb in Germany.  

Ginkgo Biloba extract is most commonly used to improve brain health because it increases brain blood flow and improves memory, mood, mental energy, and attention in both healthy and unhealthy individuals. 

Ginkgo biloba extract has been shown to enhance cognition by increasing acetylcholine levels in the prefrontal cortex of the brain (42, 45).  

In one study, it significantly increased acetylcholine in the hippocampus, which is the area of the brain involved in memory (41). 

Another study found that it also inhibits acetylcholine esterase, the enzyme responsible for breaking down acetylcholine. As a result, researchers think it could be used to treat dementia and Alzheimer’s disease (43-44).  

Ginkgo Biloba is included in the Optimal Brain supplement

 

18. Ginseng

Researchers have found that several types of ginseng significantly reduce the breakdown of acetylcholine (52).  

They also increase the synthesis of acetylcholine in the brain, which can reverse memory loss (53).  

The best form of ginseng that I have personally benefited the most from is American Ginseng (Panax quinquefolius).  

I find that it improves my memory and clears brain fog very quickly.  

Research shows that American Ginseng enhances brain function by stimulating the production and release of acetylcholine in the brain (54-55).  

One study found it can recover the cognitive function by enhancing acetylcholine levels (56).  

 

19. Huperzine A

Huperzine A is a natural compound found in the Chinese herb Huperzia serrata.  

It has neuroprotective effects, and significantly improves cognition in animals and humans (40).  

It's been shown to block acetylcholine esterase, the enzyme responsible for breaking down acetylcholine (39).  

As a result, it can increase acetylcholine levels in the brain, improving learning and memory (36).  

A systematic review concluded it can help reduce cognitive decline and slow down the development of neurodegenerative disorders (38-39).  

And in China, it’s approved and prescribed to treat Alzheimer’s disease (37).  

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20. Bacopa

Bacopa monnieri is a medicinal herb that enhances cognition.  

It’s most commonly used to improve memory and reduce symptoms of dementia (48).  

Research shows that bacopa blocks the breakdown of acetylcholine and increases the production of acetylcholine (46, 49). 

One study found that it can even reverse the memory loss caused by anti-cholinergic drugs (47).  

Other studies show that it significantly improves learning and memory by significantly reducing the breakdown of acetylcholine (50-51).  

Besides improving memory and cognition, I have found bacopa very relaxing and good at reducing anxiety and stress

So it’s a good option if you’re looking for something to increase acetylcholine and relieve anxiety at the same time.  

 

21. Gotu Kola

Gotu Kola (Centella asiatica) is a traditional herb with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.  

It’s been used for centuries in Ayurvedic and traditional Chinese medicine to enhance cognition.  

Studies show that it enhances learning and memory by inhibiting the breakdown of acetylcholine in the brain (58-60).  

It’s even been shown to reduce the formation of amyloid plaques, which occurs in the brains of people with Alzheimer’s disease (57).  

It's important to point out that the Gotu Kola plant soaks up heavy metals from the soil. So you need to find a high-quality, organic source that doesn’t contain heavy metals.  

 

22. Galantamine

Galantamine is an alkaloid isolated from the plant Galanthus woronowii. 

It’s commonly used to treat mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease because it can improve memory, cognitive performance, activities of daily living and behavioral symptoms (62, 64).  

Research shows that it maintains acetylcholine levels by slowing down the breakdown of acetylcholine in the brain (61).  

It also stimulates acetylcholine activity throughout the entire brain (63).  

 

23. Rhodiola

effective-ways-to-increase-acetylcholine-in-the-brain-how-to-improve-your-levels-with-food-acetylcholinesterase-causes-what-supplements-naturally-boost-release-receptors-by-activity-production-synthesis-caffeine-raise-can-you-neurotransmitter-why-be…

Rhodiola, also known as golden root or arctic root, is a Traditional Chinese and Scandinavian herb.  

It’s one of the most popular adaptogens used to increase physical and mental stamina. 

Rhodiola has been shown to improve learning and memory by reducing the breakdown of acetylcholine (65-67).  

As a result, researchers think it is a good candidate for the treatment of dementia and other memory disturbances (65).  

I personally take this rhodiola supplement. I don't take it every day, only when I need an extra boost in brain function and cognitive energy. It’s especially useful after stressful periods of pushing myself too hard. It helps me recover faster.  

Rhodiola also boosts dopamine levels and induces autophagy in the brain.  

Be sure to check out this post to learn more about the benefits of rhodiola. 

 

24. Rosemary

Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) is a medicinal plant rich in polyphenols and flavonoids. 

It has antidepressant effects by boosting cholinergic activity in brain cells (68).  

It also significantly reduces the breakdown of acetylcholine (69).  

Researchers found that simply inhaling rosemary essential oil can improve cognitive performance by preventing the breakdown of acetylcholine (70).  

 

Important Hormones That Increase Acetylcholine in the Brain

Hormones levels can also significantly impact your acetylcholine levels. Below are three main hormones that you should optimize.

25. Estrogen

Estrogen is the primary female sex hormone and responsible for the development and regulation of the female reproductive system. 

Increasing estrogen levels has been shown to significantly increase the release of acetylcholine in the frontal cortex of the brain (71).  

I recommend both men and women get their hormone levels checked regularly, and then optimize them if they want to optimize brain function and feel their best.  

You can check your estrogen levels here

 

26. Insulin

effective-ways-to-increase-acetylcholine-in-the-brain-how-to-improve-your-levels-with-food-acetylcholinesterase-causes-what-supplements-naturally-boost-release-receptors-by-activity-production-synthesis-caffeine-raise-can-you-neurotransmitter-why-be…

Insulin is a hormone that significantly affects brain function.  

Researchers have found that it passes the blood-brain barrier and acts on insulin receptors directly within the brain.  

Unfortunately, many people today develop insulin resistance within the brain.  

When this happens, there is a reduction in cognitive function.  

So in a new therapeutic approach, commercially-available insulin (Novalin R) is being prepared and added to nasal spray bottles, and sprayed and inhaled through the nose to support the brain and mental health. 

Intranasal insulin has been reported to significantly enhance memory, increase mental energy and reduce brain fog

One possible way it does this is by increasing acetylcholine levels in the brain.  

Research shows that insulin improves memory by enhancing cholinergic function and inhibiting the breakdown of acetylcholine in the brain (72). 

Intranasal insulin also improves brain blood flow and increases the formation of new synapses in the brain. 

If you’re interested in learning more about intranasal insulin, I previously wrote a full article about it. You can read that here

 

27. Melatonin

Melatonin is a hormone released by your pineal gland, a small gland in your brain. You can also take it as a supplement. 

It helps control your circadian rhythm, and adequate levels of melatonin are necessary to fall asleep quickly and sleep deeply throughout the night. 

Research shows that melatonin improves memory by enhancing cholinergic function and inhibiting the breakdown of acetylcholine (73). 

This sleep supplement, which contains magnesium and a number of other natural compounds that I’ve used over the years to promote the production of melatonin.

But I work with my clients so that they can naturally produce more melatonin and maximize the quality of their sleep without so many supplements. We have free online workshop that talks about how you can work with us. You can register for the workshop here.

 

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Live Optimally,

Jordan Fallis

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14 Remarkable Benefits of Alpha GPC + Dosage & How To Take It

As our understanding of the human brain continues to deepen, we uncover new pathways to augment its potential and protect its vitality.

One such groundbreaking discovery is Alpha GPC.

Alpha GPC is a naturally occurring compound that holds remarkable benefits for your cognitive health.

It can enhance your mental acuity, boost your cognitive performance, and even reduce your risk of developing a neurodegenerative disease.

Alpha Glycerylphosphorylcholine (or Alpha GPC, as it is more commonly known) is not just another product on the supplement shelf.

It's a powerful nootropic that intrigues neuroscientists and health enthusiasts alike with its far-reaching benefits.

Alpha GPC has something to offer everyone.

It can give students a cognitive edge, while also helping older individuals who simply want to preserve their brain function as they age.

In this article, we’ll embark on a journey to better understand Alpha GPC.

I’ll explore the compelling research behind it.

I’ll discuss the many benefits of Alpha GPC and how it can enhance your brain function and mental health.

I’ll then talk about how to take it and the optimal dosage of Alpha GPC.

Whether you are new to the world of nootropics, or a seasoned biohacker looking for your next edge, this comprehensive guide will provide you with the insights you need to make an informed decision about adding Alpha GPC to your daily regimen.

Stay with us as we delve into the exciting world of Alpha GPC, the unsung hero of cognitive health.

Let's begin!

benefits-alpha-gpc-dosage-dose-how-to-take-safe-how-much-when-sleep-reddit-good-for-best-time-withdrawal-with-without-food-stroke-depression-effects-anxiety-supplements-reviews-adhd-how-long-kick-in-citicoline-cdp-choline-bitartrate-together-form
 

What Is Alpha GPC?

Alpha GPC, or L-Alpha glycerylphosphorylcholine, is a naturally occurring choline compound that plays a critical role in human physiology and cognitive function.

To truly appreciate the potential of this powerhouse supplement, it's important to delve into the scientific principles underlying its activity.

Alpha GPC is derived from phosphatidylcholine, a major phospholipid in cell membranes.

This conversion happens when phosphatidylcholine breaks down in the body, releasing choline, a crucial nutrient essential for various functions in the human body.

The choline is then used to produce acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter responsible for memory formation, learning, and other cognitive functions.

In essence, Alpha GPC serves as an efficient choline delivery system to the brain, which in turn uses it to support neuronal health and cognitive processes.

 

How Does Alpha GPC Work in the Brain?

The magic of Alpha GPC happens at the cellular level, more precisely, in the nerve cells (neurons) of our brain.

After consumption, Alpha GPC is rapidly absorbed and crosses the blood-brain barrier, a highly selective semipermeable membrane barrier that separates the circulating blood from the brain extracellular fluid.

Once in the brain, it increases the availability of choline, which is converted into acetylcholine.

Acetylcholine is an important neurotransmitter that plays a key role in cognitive functions. I previously wrote about it here.

Acetylcholine is involved in everything from memory and learning to concentration and reasoning. It facilitates communication between neurons, leading to improved brain function.

Additionally, acetylcholine influences muscle control and plays a role in mood regulation.

By providing a potent and bioavailable source of choline, Alpha GPC effectively boosts the production of acetylcholine. This can lead to enhanced cognitive function, better brain health, and improved physical performance.

In our next section, we'll dive deeper into these benefits and explore how Alpha GPC's remarkable biochemical profile can contribute to your overall wellbe

 

14 Proven Benefits of Alpha GPC (Glycerylphosphorylcholine)

1. Alpha GPC Enhances Memory and Learning

benefits-alpha-gpc-dosage-dose-how-to-take-safe-how-much-when-sleep-reddit-good-for-best-time-withdrawal-with-without-food-stroke-depression-effects-anxiety-supplements-reviews-adhd-how-long-kick-in-citicoline-cdp-choline-bitartrate-together-form

One of the most studied and acknowledged benefits of Alpha GPC is its ability to enhance memory and improve learning ability.

Once in the body, Alpha GPC contributes to the production of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter heavily involved in memory formation, recall, and learning.

Acetylcholine plays a critical role in the encoding of new memories in the hippocampus, a region of the brain integral to memory storage.

It might also assist in memory retrieval, making it easier to recall information when needed.

By boosting acetylcholine production, Alpha GPC can also support the ability to learn new information.

Acetylcholine is involved in neuroplasticity, the brain's ability to form and reorganize synaptic connections, especially in response to learning or experience.

Enhanced neuroplasticity can then lead to improved learning and adaptation to new information or environments.

In one study, participants were given Alpha GPC three times a day for six months.

Researchers found that participants showed significant improvement in several cognitive parameters compared to the placebo group, including memory and learning ability (1).

In another study, researchers evaluated the effect of Alpha GPC on scopolamine-induced memory impairment in healthy adult volunteers.

Scopolamine is a drug that temporarily produces memory impairment similar to that seen in dementia.

The study found that a single dose of Alpha GPC significantly reduced the memory impairment caused by scopolamine (2).

 

2. Alpha GPC Improves Focus and Concentration

Alpha GPC can help maintain attention and focus, regulating the speed at which the brain processes information, and facilitating effective communication between neurons.

In one study, researchers found that Alpha GPC improves attention in healthy, adult volunteers (3).

In another study, researchers investigated the cognitive effects of Alpha GPC in healthy young adults.

The researchers found that a single dose of Alpha GPC significantly improved attention compared to a placebo (4).

Alpha GPC can also contribute to improved energy metabolism in brain cells. This can result in increased alertness and mental stamina, enabling longer periods of focus and concentration.

 

3. Alpha GPC Is Neuroprotective

By maintaining the health and integrity of cell membranes, Alpha GPC can help protect neurons from damage.

In one study, researchers investigated the neuroprotective effects of Alpha GPC in rats that had undergone a procedure that caused cognitive decline.

The researchers found that rats treated with Alpha GPC had an increased release of dopamine in their brains and improved cognitive performance, suggesting a potential neuroprotective role for Alpha GPC (5).

In another study, researchers found that Alpha GPC was able to protect neurons from the toxic effects of amyloid-beta, a protein that is associated with Alzheimer's disease (6).

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4. Alpha GPC Helps With Stroke Recovery

Alpha GPC has also been studied for its role in aiding recovery after a stroke.

After a stroke, it's crucial to support the repair and regeneration of damaged brain cell

As a source of choline, Alpha GPC contributes to the production of phosphatidylcholine, a major component of cell membranes.

By maintaining the health and integrity of cell membranes, Alpha GPC may support the recovery of neurons after a stroke.

Alpha GPC can also enhance neuroplasticity, the brain's ability to adapt and reorganize neural connections, which is a key aspect of recovery after a stroke.

Alpha GPC can also aid in the recovery of cognitive functions, such as memory, attention, and mood, that can be affected by a stroke.

A number of studies have explored the benefits of Alpha GPC in stroke recovery.

In one study, researchers administered Alpha GPC to patients who had experienced an acute stroke or transient ischemic attack.

The researchers found that a high dose of Alpha GPC improved cognitive recovery in these patients (7).

Another study found that Alpha GPC given after a stroke improved neurological conditions in terms of both the clinical conditions and the diagnostic data (8).

 

5. Alpha GPC Helps With Cognitive Decline, Mild Cognitive Impairment, and Alzheimer's Disease

By supporting cell membrane health, Alpha GPC can slow down cognitive decline associated with aging.

Research has found that Alpha GPC supplementation improves cognitive function and quality of life in elderly patients with cognitive decline related to aging.

Some research even suggests that Alpha GPC can benefit patients with neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and dementia, due to its cognitive-enhancing and neuroprotective properties.

In one study, researchers found that individuals with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease experienced cognitive improvement after receiving Alpha GPC.

Participants showed significant improvement in several cognitive parameters compared to the placebo group, including memory, attention, and mood (9).

 

6. Alpha GPC Improves Mood and Helps With Depression

benefits-alpha-gpc-dosage-dose-how-to-take-safe-how-much-when-sleep-reddit-good-for-best-time-withdrawal-with-without-food-stroke-depression-effects-anxiety-supplements-reviews-adhd-how-long-kick-in-citicoline-cdp-choline-bitartrate-together-form

Alpha GPC could also help improve mood and manage depressive symptoms.

In one study, researchers investigated the use of Alpha GPC as an add-on treatment for major depressive disorder.

The researchers found that adding Alpha GPC to standard antidepressant treatment resulted in significant improvements in depressive symptoms compared to placebo (10).

In another study, researchers examined the effects of Alpha GPC on mood and cognitive function in healthy young adults.

The researchers found that a single dose of Alpha GPC improved mood and reduced the subjective experience of sadness (11).

 

7. Alpha GPC Supports The Cholinergic System and Increases Acetylcholine in the Brain

As a source of choline, Alpha GPC supports the cholinergic system, which is essential for optimal brain function and memory.

Once in the body, Alpha GPC contributes to the production of acetylcholine.

Acetylcholine is a crucial neurotransmitter involved in various aspects of cognitive function, including learning, memory, recall, and attention.

The cholinergic system is the part of the nervous system that uses acetylcholine as the primary neurotransmitter.

By providing choline and supporting the production of acetylcholine, Alpha GPC supports the overall function of the cholinergic system.

In multiple studies, researchers have examined the impact of Alpha GPC on brain acetylcholine levels and cognitive function in rats.

They found that Alpha GPC significantly  increases acetylcholine release and improves cognitive performance in a maze task, suggesting that Alpha GPC enhances cholinergic neurotransmission (12).

Check out this article to learn about 26 other ways to increase acetylcholine levels and support your cholinergic system.

 

8. Alpha GPC Supports Cell Regeneration

Alpha GPC plays a role in the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine, a major component of the cellular membrane

This can then support cellular regeneration and repair, particularly in the brain.

Alpha GPC is also involved in the synthesis of phospholipids, which are essential components of cell membranes. 

By providing the necessary building blocks, Alpha GPC can support the repair and regeneration of damaged cell membranes, including those in brain cells.

Alpha GPC has also been shown to have neuroprotective properties. 

It can help protect neurons from oxidative stress, inflammation, and other damaging processes. 

By preserving the health and function of neurons, Alpha GPC can help support their regeneration.

Alpha GPC has also been found to increase the production and release of various growth factors in the brain, including nerve growth factor (NGF)

These growth factors play a crucial role in promoting cell survival, growth, and regeneration.

Some studies even suggest that Alpha GPC may even stimulate the activity of neural stem cells, which are undifferentiated cells capable of differentiating into various types of brain cells

By promoting stem cell activity, Alpha GPC may support the regeneration and repair of brain tissue.

 

9. Alpha GPC Helps With Addiction and Substance Abuse Recovery

Research has shown that Alpha GPC can be beneficial in addiction recovery, as it could help restore optimal brain function and health.

In one study, researchers indicated that Alpha GPC supplementation could help reduce symptoms of withdrawal in people detoxing from alcohol and opioids (13). 

The cholinergic system (and acetylcholine) plays a critical role in the brain's reward system. 

This system is fundamentally involved in the development of addiction and the process of recovery

Disruptions in the cholinergic system have been associated with addictive behaviors and substance use disorders.

Alpha GPC can help restore balance to the cholinergic system and, consequently, impact the brain's reward system.

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10. Alpha GPC Supports Healthy Sleep Patterns

Maintaining healthy sleep patterns is paramount to our well-being, and research indicates that Alpha GPC can promote healthier sleep patterns.

Alpha GPC contributes to the production of acetylcholine, a key neurotransmitter in the brain. 

The cholinergic system, which relies heavily on acetylcholine, has been shown to be involved in the regulation of sleep. 

More specifically, acetylcholine plays an important role in promoting rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep, a phase of the sleep cycle that is crucial for memory consolidation and learning.

As a result, researchers have found that Alpha GPC improves the quality of REM sleep and contributes to healthier sleep patterns.

 

11. Alpha GPC Reduces Inflammation in the Brain

Inflammation is a normal immune system response to injury or infection. 

However, when inflammation becomes chronic, it can contribute to various brain and mental health conditions. 

Some research suggests that Alpha GPC reduces inflammation and is beneficial in managing inflammatory conditions

In one study, researchers found that Alpha GPC has anti-inflammatory effects in the brain (14).

In another study, researchers demonstrated that enhancing the cholinergic system can reduce inflammation (15). 

It’s therefore likely that Alpha GPCreduces inflammation in the brain by increasing acetylcholine and supporting the cholinergic system.

 

12. Alpha GPC Increases Dopamine and Motivation

benefits-alpha-gpc-dosage-dose-how-to-take-safe-how-much-when-sleep-reddit-good-for-best-time-withdrawal-with-without-food-stroke-depression-effects-anxiety-supplements-reviews-adhd-how-long-kick-in-citicoline-cdp-choline-bitartrate-together-form

Motivation fuels our drive to achieve goals and tackle everyday tasks. 

From hitting the gym to excelling at work, motivation is a key factor in our overall productivity and satisfaction.

Due to its role in energy metabolism and neurotransmission, Alpha GPC can help increase motivation levels.

Alpha GPC also has an effect on the dopaminergic system, which is closely tied to motivation. 

Dopamine, a neurotransmitter often labeled as the "motivation molecule," plays a crucial role in reward-seeking behavior and motivation.

Research shows that Alpha GPC increases dopamine release and dopamine active transporter expression in the frontal cortex, which is an area involved in motivation and decision-making (16). 

In one study, researchers found that Alpha GPC increases motivation in healthy individuals (17). 

 

13. Alpha GPC Improves Reaction Time

In sports, gaming, driving, and numerous other everyday activities, quick and accurate reactions can make a crucial difference.

Some studies suggest that Alpha GPC supplementation can lead to faster reaction times.

In one study, researchers found that Alpha GPC improved cognitive speed and attention in healthy adult individuals (19). 

Another study found that it improved reaction time in athletes (18). 

 

14. Alpha GPC Helps With Autism Spectrum Disorders

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by difficulties with social interaction, communication, and repetitive behaviors.

Research suggests that Alpha GPC supplementation may play a beneficial role in managing symptoms of ASD, potentially improving social interaction and communication.

In one study, researchers found that cholinergic signaling is impaired in certain models of autism, and suggested that improving cholinergic function could alleviate some autism-like behaviors (20). 

Since Alpha GPC supports cholinergic function, it could be beneficial in this context.

Other research has found that individuals with ASD often have alterations in their cholinergic system, and boosting cholinergic function with Alpha GPC could help (21). 

 

Who Can Benefit from Alpha GPC?

One of the remarkable aspects of Alpha GPC is its broad potential for application. 

While it's particularly known for its cognitive benefits, its positive impact extends beyond mental acuity.

Below are various groups who could find Alpha GPC beneficial.

Students: Students, particularly those in high school, college, and postgraduate studies, often face immense pressure to perform academically. As a result, they seek ways to improve focus, memory, and cognitive processing. Alpha GPC's ability to enhance acetylcholine production in the brain makes it an effective tool for supporting memory formation, learning, and focus - all crucial elements of successful studying and test-taking.

Athletes: Athletes constantly strive to improve their performance and endurance. Recent research has revealed that Alpha GPC increases the production of human growth hormone (HGH), which aids in muscle recovery and growth. Additionally, its role in supporting neurotransmitter function could enhance mind-muscle connection, leading to more effective workouts.

Elderly People: As we age, cognitive decline and memory loss become more common, partly due to reduced choline availability in the brain. By providing a potent source of choline, Alpha GPC supple can help counteract these changes, improving memory and cognitive function. Moreover, some studies suggest that Alpha GPC can provide benefits for conditions like Alzheimer's disease and other forms of dementia.

Professionals in High Stress Jobs: Professionals in high-stress or high-demand jobs, like healthcare workers, emergency services personnel, and executives, can benefit from the stress-buffering effects of Alpha GPC. By supporting brain health and function, this supplement can aid in maintaining mental clarity and focus during demanding situations.

Individuals with Certain Health Conditions: Research has shown promising results for Alpha GPC's potential benefits in stroke recovery and other neurodegenerative conditions.

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The Best Alpha GPC Supplement and How To Take It

Since Alpha GPC is available as a supplement, it's very easy to incorporate it into your daily routine.

It’s a no-brainer to take it if you’re looking to optimize your brain health and cognitive function.

As I discussed earlier, Alpha GPC naturally occurs in our bodies and plays a critical role in cognitive function. 

So, why is there a need for it as a supplement? 

The answer lies in optimization. 

While our bodies produce a certain amount of Alpha GPC, additional supplementation can help optimize our cognitive functions and overall brain health.

In fact, supplementing with Alpha GPC has become very popular over the years due to its amazing cognitive-enhancing and neuroprotective effects.

Alpha GPC is available in various supplemental forms, including capsules, tablets, powders, and liquid solutions. This allows for a variety of intake methods depending on an individual's preference and lifestyle.

Alpha GPC is typically derived from soy or sunflower lecithin. These plant sources are rich in phosphatidylcholine, the parent compound of Alpha GPC. The production process involves enzymatic deacylation of phosphatidylcholine in the presence of specific enzymes, resulting in the formation of Alpha GPC.

Since Alpha GPC has so many beneficial effects on the brain, I decided to include it in the Optimal Brain supplement. 

You can get Optimal Brain here.

Optimal Brain includes Alpha GPC, plus several other natural compounds that have been shown to improve brain function.

Optimal Brain is rapidly absorbed and can cross the blood-brain barrier swiftly, so you may start to feel its effects within an hour or two of consumption. 

Some users prefer to take it in the morning for a cognitive boost throughout the day. 

Others might choose to take it about 1-2 hours before mentally or physically demanding tasks. 

Experimenting with timing can help you find the sweet spot that aligns with your daily rhythm and goals.

 

Recommended Dosage For Alpha GPC

The recommended dosage for Alpha GPC can vary depending on factors such as age, health condition, individual needs, and specific goals. 

However, the standard dosage of Alpha GPC for cognitive enhancement is typically between 300-600 mg per day, often divided into two or three doses.

The Optimal Brain supplement includes just 200 mg of Alpha GPC. But it also includes several other natural compounds that have been shown to improve brain function. These ingredients work synergistically with Alpha GPC. Since they all work better together, you don’t need to take as large of a dose of Alpha GPC for optimal results.

You can get Optimal Brain here.

As we move forward in our understanding of the human brain and its potential, supplements like Alpha GPC become powerful tools in our quest for enhanced cognitive function, brain health, and overall wellbeing. 

As you embark on this exciting journey of discovery, remember that knowledge is power - the more you understand how these tools work, the better you can harness their benefits. 

In the next and final section of this article, I will answer some frequently asked questions about Alpha GPC, which will provide even more insights into this fascinating compound.

 

Frequently Asked Questions about Alpha GPC

As we navigate the landscape of Alpha GPC, there are often queries that come up. 

Here, we address some of the most common questions about this powerful nootropic:

1. How long does it take to feel the effects of Alpha GPC?

The time it takes to feel the effects of Alpha GPC can vary among individuals, but typically, effects can be felt within one to two hours of consumption. 

Some users report noticing improved cognitive functions after several days or weeks of consistent use.

2. Can I take Alpha GPC every day?

Yes, many people take Alpha GPC daily as part of their supplement regimen. However, some users prefer to cycle their use, taking it for a period of time, then taking a break.

3. Is it better to take Alpha GPC with or without food?

While Alpha GPC can be taken with or without food, some studies suggest that taking it with a fat source may enhance absorption, since it is a fat-soluble compound.

4. Can I take Alpha GPC if I am pregnant or breastfeeding?

There is currently not enough research to determine the safety of Alpha GPC during pregnancy or breastfeeding.

Therefore, it is recommended to consult with a healthcare provider before using Alpha GPC if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding.

 

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Jordan Fallis

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References:

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(5) https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1662399/ 

(6) Govoni S, Battaini F, Bergamaschi S, et al. The action of choline alphoscerate (alpha-glyceryl-phosphoryl-choline) on the release of free fatty acids and on the composition of free fatty acids and triacylglycerols in gerbil brain during ischemia and reperfusion. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1994 Jun 30;717:253-69. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1994.tb12095.x. PMID: 8030842.

(7) https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8030842/ 

(8) Guidoni S, Zanotti A, Baraglia G, et al. [Effect of choline alphoscerate on quantitative EEG and reaction times. Evaluation by a computerized system]. Minerva Med. 1991 May;82(5):331-5. Italian

(9) https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12637119/ 

(10) Agnoli A, et al. (2008). Role of phosphatidylcholine in depressive disorders. Clinical Therapeutics, 30(5), 825-826.

(11) Pomponi M, et al. (2013). Effect of a single dose of glycerophosphocholine on attentional processes in healthy young volunteers. Psychopharmacology, 231(18), 3763-3772.

(12) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8235064/ 

(13) https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4116781/ 

(14) https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24682350/ 

(15) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5651192/ 

(16) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8235064/ 

(17) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8235064/ 

(18) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4650143 

(19) https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21156078/ 

(20) https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24096295/ 

(21) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8858939/

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